Ultimat Binder

ABSTRACT

The “ULTIMATE BINDER”, a tensioning device, primarily developed to allows truck drivers to install and operate a lighter, safer, more efficient binder, utilizing a power driver, while safely standing on the ground beside the truck. The binder consists of 2 apposing yokes joined by a bolt, which when rotated, draws the yokes together. Since the bolt head is inside a yoke, it is rotated by an extension with a universal type joint and socket, attached to a power driver or a crank. During the tensioning operation the only moving part is the bolt which is driven from the end of the binder. Since there is no handle or gear box, it can be used in confined spaces and with the possibility of lading damage being reduced. The single screw requires half the torque required by double screw binders and is less prone to loosening in transit. The top of each yoke and the swivel have holes with clevis pins to attach devises such as hooks.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There are a number of binder types in use for tensioning lashing devises such as chains, cables, straps, etc. that secure loads being transported by vehicles such as trucks, ships, rail and aircraft.

Most of these binders have inherent operating safety problems since they require substantial physical and repetitive effort and or require the operator to be on the deck of the trailers or in other awkward positions while they are being installed or tensioned.

-   -   Lever type binders have little lengthwise adjustment and require         the operator to apply excessive physical effort to close the         binder and this can result in physical injury.

The handles have a tendency to spring back injuring the operator or nearby personnel, especially if an extension bar is being used on the lever handle to close it. Also, operation of the binder can over stress and damage the lashings due to the excessive forces applied. It is now common for transportation companies and their customers to ban lever binder use on their vehicles or their premises. Lever binders can spring open if not properly fully closed, thus loosening the lashing during transport and now, laws specifically require the handles to be secure in position.

-   -   double screw ratchet binders require the operator to ratchet a         handle while applying a heavy force to the handle to achieve         proper lashing tension. Injury to shoulders, arms, wrists and         backs associated with this operation are common, especially when         a significant number of the binders are in use, operated         repetitively and were access to the binder is awkward, due it's         position or orientation.     -   Power operated binders are now available, however, they are         generally ratchet style binders with a gearbox in place of the         ratchet handle or in addition to the handle. A power unit at         center of the binder, drives the binders through the gearing         mounted in the middle of a rotating tube, which screws on to         threaded eye bolts, one at either end, thus drawing the eye         bolts and hooks together.

The truck driver must reach into the center of and usually at right angle, to engage the power driver to the gearing of this type of binder. The threaded tube with the gear housing tends to rotate when power is applied to the binder. This rotation requires the truck driver to apply a force to counteract the torque and this is very difficult for the truck driver while standing on the ground and reaching into the middle of the binder. Therefore, in most situations, the truck drivers operate ratchet and powered binders while on the truck deck. The driver is often in an unstable position at the edge of the trailer while tensioning these binders. Also, while walking on the truck deck, he is exposed to tripping hazards such as binders, lashing and cribbing that is already in place or lying on the deck, or the cargo itself. In numerous cases truck drivers have fallen from the trailer to the ground and been seriously injured.

SUMMARY

The “ULTIMATE BINDER” was developed

-   -   a.—primarily to minimize the safety hazards and injuries         discussed above by         -   allowing the driver to install and operated the binder while             safely standing on the ground beside the vehicle rather than             up on the truck deck and bending over to operate the binder.         -   to reduce the torque the operator must counter when the             power driver is operated. A single screw requires one half             the torque to generate the same tension as does a double             screw on present power and ratchet style binders.         -   reducing the repetitive physical exertion associated with             operating the ratchets and lever binders, which in turn             results in reduced related muscle and tendon injuries.     -   b.—to improve the efficiency of the binding operation         -   operator can affix the binder to the lashing quickly and             easily, and tension it with the power driver located             approximately chest high at the side of the trailer deck or             platform.         -   significantly reduces the tensioning and slackening time             versus a manual ratchet and other power binders.     -   c.—to provide other desirable features of the “Ultimate Binder”         such as         -   the fixtures for attaching to the lashing can be changed to             suit the type of lashing to be tensioned by removing the             clevis pins at the ends of the yokes and or the swivel.         -   reduces the possible damage to cargo by ratchet handles,             gear boxes and projections associated with lever, ratchet             and power binders. The ultimate binder is relatively uniform             along it's length and moving parts are inside the binder             yokes.     -   the “Ultimate binder” is lighter and more easily stored due to         the ratchet handle, gear boxes and chain links on other binders,         being eliminated.     -   when the binder is open (screw rotated out of the yoke 1 FIG.         1)—in the slack condition, the bolt can slide into the yoke 2,         thus shortening the binder and protecting the screw when not in         use, without having to rotate the screw back into the yoke 1.         Ratchet and other powered binders must be operated to shorten         the binders.     -   by sliding the “Ultimate Binder” bolt 3 into the yoke 2, when in         the slack configuration, The binder is ready to use by just         pulling the yokes apart and the bolt out of the yoke 2. This         eliminates having to open the closed binder by operating the         power driver in reverse and or ratcheting to create the required         slack configuration, when using 2 screw type binders.     -   the position of the power driver relative to the binder can be         adjusted by changing the length of the socket/universal         extension 15 FIG. 7.     -   The binder has a hook rotation limiter on the Yoke 1. With other         binders the hook 7 is attached to the binder with chain links         and the operator must reach to the far end of the binder and         hold hook 7 to engage it with lashing (chain). The hook rotation         limiter allows the driver to hold the drive end yoke 2 and use         the whole binder as a extended handle to attaching the non drive         end hook 7 to the lashing (chain). This extends the drivers         reach by approximately 1.5 feet (50 cm).     -   a crank (speed wrench style) or socket ratchet handle can be         used to replace the power driver at the end of the extension         when a power unit is not available.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING OF “ULTIMATE BINDER” Hereafter Referred to as the “Binder”

FIG. 1 is an illustration of the top view of the binder indicating general arrangement of the ultimate binder and it's components

FIG. 2 is an illustration of the side view of the binder indicating general arrangement of the ultimate binder and it's components

FIG. 3 is a top view illustrating the optional configuration of the binder without the swivel assembly installed

FIG. 4 is an illustration of the general layout of the main Yokes, 1 and 2

FIG. 5 is an illustration of the general layout of the Swivel Yoke

FIG. 6 is an illustration of the configuration of a Swivel Fitting

FIG. 7 is a top view illustrating the orientation, application and engagement of the socket, universal joint and the extension unit when being driven by a power unit.

FIG. 8 is a side view illustrating the orientation, application and engagement of the socket, universal joint and the extension when being driven by a power unit.

FIG. 9 is an illustration of the hook rotation limiter

DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPONENTS

Binders are usually manufactured to comply with specifications laid down for specific uses, by government, industrial associations and other users, such as Departments of Transport, the American Association of Railways, etc. These specifications set out requirements such a working Load Limits, Breaking Strength, lashing type and sizes (example— 5/16 grade 7 chain), etc. and therefore, the dimensions, thread type, bolt style, thread length, materials used, method of manufacture, etc. are predicated by these requirements.

The binders function is to apply tension to lashing when the bolt 3 is screwed into the threaded yoke 1. This in turn draws yoke 1 and 2 closer together and with them the 2 attached hooks 7 which are engaging with the lashing, thus tensioning the lashing.

The binder utilizes a single bolt 3 aligned along the centerline of the binder. This bolt is rotated by a power source 12 or manually with a crank handle, through a combination of an extension 15 of appropriate dimension, universal joint 17 and socket 16 which engages the bolt.

1—is a yoke (U shaped component) with a threaded hole in the center of the bottom of the U into which bolt 3 is threaded. The length of the arms of the yoke are of sufficient length to allow the bolt to be fully screwed into the bottom of the yoke and not contact clevis pin 18 which passes through holes 8 in the end of each arm of the yoke. The holes 8 of the yoke accept the clevis pin 18 which passes thought the clevis holes in the hook 7 which in turn hooks to the lashing. If the thickness of the yoke, at the bottom of the U, is not enough to provide adequate thread engagement with bolt 3, an appropriate nut or threaded washer, with the required thickness, secured in the bottom of the U, can be used to perform the function. The distance between the arms must be greater than the diameter of the bolt and socket and wide enough to allow the hook 7 to fit between the arms.

2—is a yoke (U shaped component) similar to yoke 1 but the hole in the bottom of the U is slightly larger than the bolt 3 diameter and is not threaded. The bottom of the U which contacts the underside of the bolt head must be smooth and level, to properly seat the bolt head without binding. A washer can be used between the bolt head and the bottom of the yoke to reduce friction and torque required to rotate the bolt and more evenly distribute forces into the yoke. The holes 8 in the end of the arms of the yoke accept the clevis pins 17 which passes thought the clevis holes in the swivel yoke 5 and hook 7 which in turn hooks to the lashing when the swivel is not being used. The distance between the arms must be greater than universal joint 17 and socket 16 outside diameter to allow them to pass between the arms and engage with bolt 3. This distance must also be wide enough to allow the hook 7 to fit between the arms when the swivel is not used.

3—is a bolt that passes through a hole in the bottom of yoke 2, engages with threaded hole in yokel and when rotated, reduces the distance between yokel & 2 thus tensioning the binder and lashing. The bolt 3 requires sufficient thread length to remain engaged with yoke 1 when binder is open sufficiently to eliminate the slack in the lashing and tension it when the bolt is rotated. The appropriate head style on the bolt (hex, heavy, socket, etc.), diameter, thread type (SAE coarse, Acme, etc.) and grade (7,8, etc.) is determined by the specifications to be meet, and or the manufacturer.

4—is a U shaped swivel yoke FIG. 5. Yoke 4 has a hole 9 in the bottom of the U the same diameter of the threaded portion 10 of swivel fitting FIG. 6 through which the threaded portion passes. There are holes 20 in the end of each arm the diameter of clevis pin 17 through which it passes when securing the Yoke 4 to Yoke 2. The Arms of the yoke 4 are long enough to insure the swivel fitting 5 does not interfere with the clevis pin 17. A rectangular washer can be used under the nut, to distribute the forces to the arms of the yoke

5—is swivel fitting FIG. 6, one end of which is a tang 13 and the other is a threaded portion 10 which passes through hole 9 in the swivel a sufficient distance to only fully engage the nut 6. The fitting 5 is secured to the yoke 4 by the nut 6 which is left slightly loose to allow the swivel fitting to rotate in hole 9. Nut 6 is secured to the end of the fitting 10 and the nut is locked to the threads. Since further rotation of yoke 2, during tensioning, is not beneficial, the surface of yoke 4 which contacts the nut 6 should not be made to more easily rotate it in yoke 4 (i.e. reduce friction by machining, washers, lubricated, etc.) and a means of retarding further rotation would be beneficial.

The tang portion may be separated from the threaded portion by a washer shaped ridge 14 which is a bearing, surface against the bottom of Yoke 5. The tang 13 is the same thickness as the space between the clevis pieces on the hook 7 and is rounded to allow the hook to rotate around the end of the tang 13. The tang is drilled to accept the hook clevis pin 19 which secures the hook 7 to the swivel 5.

6—is a nut that screws on to the threaded portion of the swivel fitting 5 and is locked to it with enough thread left to allow the fitting to rotate in the Yoke 4.

7—are hooks (or other devise) attached to the swivel fitting 5 with a clevis pin 19 through the hole 11 in the tang 13 and also the end of Yoke 1 and 2 with clevis pins.

8—are holes in the end of yokes 1 and 2 through which clevis pins 18 and 17 pin the hooks 7 and swivel yoke 4 to yokes 1 and 2.

9—is the hole in the bottom of the swivel yoke 4 through which the threaded portion 10 of the swivel fitting 5 passes.

10—is the threaded portion of the swivel fitting 5—the threaded portion is only long enough to allow the nut 6 to fully engage the threads 10 and be locked onto the threads

11—is the hole in the swivel fitting tang through which hook clevis pint 9 passes and attaches the hook 7 to the fitting 5.

12—is a power driver used to rotate bolt 3 through the extension 15, universal joint 17 and socket 16 and when not available, can be replaced with a crank style handle (speed wrench) or socket wrench handle.

13—is the tang on the swivel fitting 5 which has the hole 11 in it to accept the hook clevis pin 19 and attach the hook 7 to the fitting 5.

14—is an (optional) disk between the threaded portion 10 and the tang 11 which bears against the bottom of swivel yoke 4

15—is a socket wrench extension that joins the power driver 12 to the universal joint 17. The length of the extension is chosen by the operator to accommodate his operation.

16—is the socket wrench style socket that is suitable for engaging the head of the bolt 3.

17—is a universal/Wobble style joint fitting between the extension and the socket 16.

18—is the hook 7 clevis pin that passes through the end of yoke 1 and 2 to pin hooks 7 to yokes 1 or 2.

19—is the clevis pin that attaches the hooks 7 to the swivel fitting tang 13.

20—is the clevis pin that joins the swivel yoke 4 to yoke 2

21—is an (optional) L shaped hook rotation limiter FIG. 9. One leg of the angle shaped section, has a hole in the center the same diameter as the clevis pin 18. This limiter is located on the end of clevis pin 18, on the outside of Yoke 1 and with the other leg passing over the yoke 1 arm and the clevis arms of hook 7. When the hook 7 rotates toward the limiter, it's rotation is stopped when it contacts the limiter arm. This positions the hook so that the operator can hold the drive end of the binder and engage the hook on the other end into the lashing (chain) without holding the hook. The limiter can be positioned to accommodate left or right handed operators. The limiter can be made as part of the Yoke 1

Optional Configuration and Components.

-   1. FIG. 3—Were the operator has easy access to bolt 3, without the     drive yoke 2 being rotated, a swivel assembly is not needed. When     yoke 4 and fitting 5 or other style swivels are not required, a hook     7 can be affixed to joke 2 directly using clevis pin 18. -   2. Yoke 1 can be manufactured from tubular material with one end     having a threaded portion to accept the bolt 3 and which performs     the same functions in the same manner as Yoke 1. The other end is     configured the same as Yoke 1, to accept clevis pin 18 and hook 7. -   3. Yoke 2 can be made with the distance between the arms wide enough     to allow a powered or hand ratchet and socket to engage the bolt     head directly without using the universal joint or extension. -   4. The swivel assembly consisting of Yoke 4 fitting 5 and nut 6, can     be substituted with any appropriate components that allows Hook 7 to     swivel around the centerline of the binder. -   5. Clevis pins can be replaced with appropriate bolts or rivets. 

1. The “Ultimate Binder” is safer, more efficient and easier to use. It consists of 2 yoke shaped components and a bolt which passes through a hole in the bottom of one and is threaded into the bottom of the other. Hooks or other devises are attached to the end of the components arms, with clevis pins, to facilitate the connection with the lashings, such as chains, cables, etc. The lashing is tensioned when the bolt is rotated and the two yoke components are drawn together. With the bolt head being inside the yoke and hooks and clevis pins intersecting the centerline of the binder, a universal type joint on an extension bar is used to orientate the coupling device with the bolt head. A power driver, crank, ratchet handle, etc., can be used to rotate the bolt. The yoke arms can be spaced to allow a wrench, ratchet, etc. to couple directly to the bolt. When the yoke position restricts access to the bolt, a swivel is added to the unthreaded yoke. This swivel component, is a short yoke with a hole in the bottom and a eye type bolt. The short yoke is attached to the unthreaded yoke ends with a clevis pin and the eye bolt is secured in the hole in the yoke. The attaching devise, hook, etc., is then secured to the eye bolt with a clevis pin. Another devise that can perform the same function, can be substituted for this swivel component. The fixtures for attaching to the lashing can be changed to suit the type of lashing to be tensioned by removing the clevis pins at the ends of the yokes and or the swivel.
 2. The Ultimate binder as claimed in claim 1 here in, allows for much improved safe tensioning of lashings. The binders with a gear box or handles at the center of the binder, in most cases, require the driver to be on the truck deck during positioning and the tensioning operation. Ultimate binder allows operators, to position and tension the lashing while located at the end of the binder, in most cases, while standing on the ground beside the vehicle. These factors, in turn, can reduce related common muscle, back and tendon injuries due to repetitive physical exertion, bending, and those resulting from operators falls from transporting vehicles. Similarly, the binder can be easily operated in confined spaces were it is difficult or impossible to operate handles or power drivers. Also the position of the Ultimate binder operator can be adjusted by changing the length of the extension bar. This binder can replace the dangerous lever type binders which must have the handle secured to ensure they do not open in transit. Lever type binders are band by some companies due to the injuries resulting for binders springing open when being closed or opened. The single screw requires one half the torque required by 2 screw style binders and the rotation friction between the bolt head and the yoke eliminates the need for a locking nut or other means, such as wrapping with chain, to stop loosening during movement.
 3. The Ultimate binder as claimed in claims 1 and 2, is more efficient. Since the bolt can passes through one yoke, it can be easily prepared for storage, in a collapsed open configuration, by sliding the bolt through the unthreaded yoke, thus shortening the binder. The yokes can be simply pulled apart to open it and prepare it for use. Double screw type binders must be ratcheted manually or power operated to collapse or prepare them for use. Also, the tensioning operation requires less effort by the operator due to the lower torque that the operator must counter and a lower power, lighter driver may be used. Also since there is no gearing involved tensioning and slackening speed is much faster. Efforts to minimize damage to the lading, associated with handles, levers and gear boxes can be reduce since the ultimate binder is relatively uniform along it's length and moving parts are completely inside binder yokes.
 4. The binder has a hook rotation limiter which simplifies the binders installation. The limiter holds the associated hook in position for easy engaging with a chain while using the whole binder as a extended handle thus extending the drivers reach. 